{"id":33004,"date":"2023-04-20T12:45:07","date_gmt":"2023-04-20T07:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?p=33004"},"modified":"2023-04-20T23:36:46","modified_gmt":"2023-04-20T18:06:46","slug":"%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%a5%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%af-%e0%a6%9c%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9e%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8-%e0%a6%8f%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%82-%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%be%e0%a7%9f%e0%a6%a3%e0%a7%80-%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?p=33004","title":{"rendered":"\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09df\u09a3\u09c0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u099c\u09df\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ad\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre><img data-attachment-id=\"18876\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?attachment_id=18876\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/jayantain.jpg?fit=302%2C361&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"302,361\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"jayanta bhattacharya\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/jayantain.jpg?fit=251%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/jayantain.jpg?fit=302%2C361&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-18876 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/jayantain.jpg?resize=150%2C179&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/jayantain.jpg?resize=251%2C300&amp;ssl=1 251w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/jayantain.jpg?w=302&amp;ssl=1 302w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/>\n\n<strong>\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u0995, \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995, \u099c\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0<\/strong><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?p=32821\"><strong>\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0995\u09a5\u09be<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0995\u09bf\u099b\u09c1 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c0\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u0964 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u09a5 \u099c\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 (Kenneth Zysk) \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09a8 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae <em>Religious Medicine: The History and Evolution of Indian Medicine<\/em> \u098f\u09ac\u0982 <em>Asceticism and Healing in Ancient India<\/em><em>: Medicine in the Buddhist Monastery<\/em> \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u099c\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u0995 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0986\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7, \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0986\u099b\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df-\u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099b\u09be\u09aa\u0964 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8\u0995\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u0993 \u0995\u09cb\u09a5\u09be\u0993 \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u0995 \u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u0993 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09b8\u09ac\u0987 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0986\u09b9\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0985\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09aa\u09c1\u0981\u09a5\u09bf \u201c\u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u0997\u201d \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf-\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996 \u0995\u09b0\u09bf\u0964 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09df \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09a6\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995 \u098f\u0995 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09c0\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09a4\u09c1\u09ae\u09bf \u09b8\u09c7\u09b0\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09a4\u09c1\u09ae\u09bf \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u0987\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09b8\u09c7\u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09b2 in kind \u09ac\u09be \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be, \u09a8\u0997\u09a6 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 in cash<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>\u0993 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09e7\u09e6,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u0995\u09b9\u09be\u09aa\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a> \u098f \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u0997\u09b9-\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09c0\u09b0 \u0997\u09c3\u09b9\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09c0 \u09ed \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09be\u09df \u0995\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09aa\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u201c\u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u0997\u201d-\u09b0 \u0987\u0982\u09b0\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b9\u09c1\u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u0987\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">Then Jivaka Komarabhacca, having made the householder, the merchant lie down on a couch, having strapped him to the couch, having cut <em>open the skin of his head<\/em>, having opened a suture in the skull, having drawn out <em>two living creatures<\/em>, showed them to the people, saying: \u201cDo you see, masters, these <em>two living creatures<\/em>, the one small, the other large? This large living creature was seen\u201d &#8230; And having closed the suture of the skull, <em>having sewn up the skin of the head<\/em>, he applied an ointment.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5, \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09ae\u09dc\u09be \u0995\u09be\u099f\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8, \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09dc\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c3\u09a5\u0995 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09dc \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09ae\u09dc\u09be \u09b8\u09c7\u09b2\u09be\u0987 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u09b2\u09be\u0987-\u098f\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09be \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09dc\u09be\u09a4\u09be\u09dc\u09bf \u09b8\u09c7\u09b0\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09c0 \u09ed \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ad\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09ae\u09be\u09a5\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995 \u09aa\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/a> \u098f \u098f\u0995 \u0985\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09a4\u09a5\u09be \u09b6\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c7\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u098f\u09ae\u09a8\u0995\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0993\u0964 \u098f\u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7\u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b2 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09dc\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09b2, \u0986\u099c\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09df \u09af\u09be\u0995\u09c7 big knowledge \u09ac\u09b2\u09ac, \u09b8\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb \u0985\u09ac\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u0987 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u099f\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09a8\u09df\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7 \u098f\u09b8\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be-\u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09ac\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd-\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u0987\u0964 \u201c\u09a6\u09bf\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u201d \u09b9\u09b2 \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0989\u09aa\u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09a6\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u0987 \u09ac\u09bf \u0995\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09c7\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09b0 \u098f \u09a8\u09bf\u09b2, \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df \u09e7\u09ee\u09ee\u09ec \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099f \u0985\u09b6\u09cb\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a8\u09c0 \u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4\u09be (\u0985\u09b6\u09cb\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09c1\u09a3\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4) \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09b0 \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099f\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u099f\u09bf\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 Eugene Burnouf-\u098f\u09b0 <em>Introduction to the History of Indian Buddhism<\/em> \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a6\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u0995\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u0995\u09c7 \u0997\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09cd\u09af \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0996\u09c1\u0981\u099c\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u0997\u09cb\u09df\u09be\u09b2\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u098f \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u0996 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09be \u0995\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09b9\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c7\u099f \u099a\u09bf\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09dc \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u0989\u09a0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09ae\u09bf \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u0996\u09be\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09a7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u09a3-\u0986\u09a7\u09bf\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09a8\u09be\u099a\u09c7-\u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u099a\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09cb\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09c1 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u099f\u09c1\u0995\u09c1 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0995\u09cc\u09a4\u09c2\u09b9\u09b2\u099c\u09a8\u0995\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09c7 \u09b2\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u0981\u09dc\u09cb \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09a6\u09be \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b9\u09df \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09a4\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09c7 \u099f\u09be\u099f\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09c7\u0981\u09df\u09be\u099c \u09a6\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7 \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099f\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u0986\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u0993 (\u09af\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8) \u09aa\u09c7\u0981\u09df\u09be\u099c \u0996\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ab\u09b2 \u09b9\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u099f \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a3\u09c0\u09df, \u09af\u09c7\u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7 \u098f \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be \u0998\u099f\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u0985\u09b6\u09cb\u0995 \u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 Burnouf \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 \u201cin a period when king A\u015boka was already entirely converted to Buddhism; and nonetheless the prejudice based on the existence of caste still exerted such a powerful control over his mind!\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f \u09ad\u09be\u09b0 \u0993 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u0998\u09be\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ae\u09c1\u09b9\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u0998\u099f\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09c1\u09dc\u09c7\u0964 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u0998\u09be\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b9\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 (social psyche) \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09af\u09a4\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09ac\u09b8\u09ac\u09ae \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u201cinventing traditions\u201d\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u0996\u09c7\u09df\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09ac \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 acculturation \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c0\u0995\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae, \u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 (\u09ad\u09bf\u09b8\u09c1\u09df\u09be\u09b2)\u2014 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u099c\u09c7 \u09b6\u09ac\u09a6\u09c7\u09b9 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u09ad \u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2 \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u099f\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u0989\u09b6\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09c7 \u09b6\u09ac\u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cb, \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1\u09a6\u09c7\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u09a6 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u098f \u0995\u09be\u099c\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b8\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u098b\u09b7\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u0986\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995 \u0986\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7 \u0998\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09dc\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8 \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 acculturation \u0998\u099f\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09df, \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u0997\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af (\u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b2)\u2014 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0993 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2 \u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1 \u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u099c \u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0987\u0982\u09b0\u09c7\u099c\u09bf \u0993 \u09b2\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6, \u0987\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09ae \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09df \u098f \u0995\u09be\u099c\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09ab\u09b2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09b2 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b6\u09c0\u09b2\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09af\u09c1\u099c\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09c0\u09df, \u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u0987\u0995\u09cb\u09b2\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u2014 \u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c1\u09a7\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 Shamans, Mystics and Doctors \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09b8\u09c1\u09a7\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u0995\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 (<em>Shamans, Mystics and Doctors <\/em>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7) \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u099b\u09cb\u099f\u09ac\u09c7\u09b2\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u0983\u09b8\u09be\u09dc\u09c7 \u0996\u09b8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09dc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df\u2014 \u201cthe twig from the <em>neem <\/em>tree with which I brushed my teeth as a child and which I later sacrificed at the altar of modernization to the brush and the paste did more than just clean the teeth.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u098f\u0995\u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0995 \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 t+1&gt;t+2&gt;t+3&gt;t+n \u2026. infinity\u0964 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a5\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df \u09ac\u09be t \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ab\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09b0\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0985\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf \u0985\u09b8\u09c0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0998\u099f\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995, \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5-\u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09ae\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u098f\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ab\u09bf\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09bf \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c3\u09ae\u09bf \u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u099a\u09b0\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09df \u098f\u09b8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09a6\u09b2\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u0987 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09b2\u09cd\u09af \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 nasal therapy \u09ac\u09be \u09a8\u09be\u09b8\u09be-\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4-\u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09df \u09a8\u09be\u09b8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09b2\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af <em>\u09b9\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u0997\u09c1\u0995 <\/em>\u0997\u09be\u099b \u09ac\u09be \u09a8\u09c0\u09b2\u0997\u09be\u099b\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 (\u09ac\u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u2014 <em>Indigofera tinctoria<\/em>)\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09b9\u09b2 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8? \u098f\u09b0 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u09ac\u09bf\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09aa\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09bf\u0964 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09c0 \u0986\u09a7\u09bf\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09b6\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0 \u0993 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 codification \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 heterodox \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6 \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be orthodox \u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u09b8\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a6\u09be\u09b6\u0997\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7 \u09ec\u09e6\u09e6 \u0996\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09ac\u09b0\u09c7\u09a3\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09c3\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u09bf\u09b8 \u099c\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u201c\u09aa\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u201d \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09ae \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 blood-letting \u09ac\u09be \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1, \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u201csince bloodletting (the fifth of the evacuant therapies) has fallen into disuse, it was removed from the set of <em>pa<\/em><em>\u00f1<\/em><em>cakarman<\/em>, and replaced by oily enemas.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u0995\u09cb\u09b7 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ae\u09bf\u0989\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u09ac\u09c7\u09b2\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u201cThe constraints of theory in the evolution of classifications: A study on the position of blood in Indian medicine\u201d \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf-\u09a6\u09cb\u09b7 \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be \u099a\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u09a6\u09cb\u09b7 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09aa\u09cb\u09dc\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0 \u201c\u09a6\u09cb\u09b7\u201d \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u09a8\u09be, \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df \u201c\u09a6\u09c2\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u201d \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0993 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u0998\u09be\u09a4 \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4-\u09ae\u09cb\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b7\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09a4\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8\u0987 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u0987 \u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf-\u09a6\u09cb\u09b7\u09ac\u09be\u09a6 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u099a\u09bf\u09b0\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0985\u09a5\u099a \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u099a\u09b2 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af-\u0989\u09a8\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b2\u09c1\u0987 \u09aa\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u0995 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09a7\u09a8\u09c0-\u09a6\u09b0\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09b9\u09b2 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09ac\u09b0\u099e\u09cd\u099a \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b2\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09be \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09b2\u2014 \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09a3\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7, \u09b8\u09c1\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09c1\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u099c\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u0995 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u0995, \u09b0\u09cb\u0997 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7, \u099f\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae\u09a8 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> \u09b2\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u2014 for some decades between the Franco-Prussian War and World War One, it seemed reasonable to expect the sciences to eliminate political dispute.<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5, \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c8\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09ac \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09b8\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u0964 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09b2\u09ad\u0964 \u09ac\u09b0\u099e\u09cd\u099a \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u099c\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09a8\u09df, \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u0987 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09ac\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09a5\u09be, \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09a6\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u099a\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09df <em>An sich <\/em>\u09ac\u09be thing in itself \u09ac\u09be intrinsically, \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2 \u09b2\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 <em>inter se <\/em>\u09ac\u09be between or among themselves\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 etymology \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09c1\u09ce\u09aa\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0997\u09a4 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09b2\u09c7 science \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u0964 \u09b2\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u09a8 <em>scientia<\/em> (\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09be) \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 science \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0995\u09a4\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09aa\u09cb\u09dc\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b2\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u09a8 <em>sciender, <\/em>to split<em>, <\/em>cleave, \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 <em>schezein, <\/em>to split. \u098f \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be\u09b8\u09ae\u09c2\u09b9 \u09b8\u09ac\u0987 \u09a7\u09b0\u09be \u0986\u099b\u09c7 science \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u099f\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u09a8\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 <em>schizein <\/em>\u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a4 schizophrenia, \u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ae\u09a8 \u09ac\u09be split mind\u0964 \u201cScience, scire, scindere, schizein, schizophrenia. A mind split into pieces.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9 \u09a8\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09be \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u098f\u0995 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 stasis \u09ac\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09a4\u09be \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u09b0\u0993 \u09ad\u09be\u09b2 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3 \u099a\u09b0\u0995 \u0993 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u0964 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7\u0987 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u2014 \u099b\u09be\u0997\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0995, \u09ae\u09c7\u09b7\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0995 \u0993 \u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0995 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ac\u09a8\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09c0\u09b0\u09be\u0993 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf \u09b8\u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09b2\u09c7\u0987 \u09af\u09c7 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u0995 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad \u09b9\u09df, \u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09df\u0964 \u09af\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf \u09b8\u0995\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u0993 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0997\u09c1\u09a3 \u0993 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c0 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae, \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09af\u09c7 \u09ad\u09bf\u09b7\u0995 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0985\u09ac\u0997\u09a4 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u09a8; \u09af\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa \u0985\u09ac\u0997\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6, \u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u0993 \u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae, \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09c8\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u09be\u099c \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a3\u09c0\u09df, \u099b\u09be\u0997\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0995, \u09ae\u09c7\u09b7\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0995 \u0993 \u0997\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u0995-\u098f\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ad\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09be \u09b8\u0982\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u09ad\u09bf\u09b7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0994\u09b7\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u0964 \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09a8\u09df, \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6, \u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u0993 \u09aa\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09c8\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09b0\u09be\u099c \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u0964 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u0998\u099f\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u0964 \u098f \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ae\u09b2 \u09ae\u09a4\u09bf\u09b2\u09be\u09b2, \u09b8\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09a6\u09be\u09b6\u0997\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09a4\u09c0\u09b6 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09c2\u09b7\u09a3 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09ae\u09a4\u09bf\u09b2\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09c7 \u099a\u09b0\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09ac\u09c8\u09b6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09af \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u2014 (\u09e7) \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a5\u09ae\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0995\u09b0\u09a3, \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0985\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a8\u09df\u0964 (\u09e8) \u09af\u09c7\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u201ccertain <em>epistemological <\/em>issues are found to be included in the discussion of what we wish to call \u201cIndian logic\u201d\u2026. Epistemological questions, however, are deliberately excluded from the domain of modern logic.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09a3\u09c0\u09df \u09af\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09aa\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8 \u09ac\u09be mental events-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u0986\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u201cpsychologized epistemology\u201d \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u201cPsychologized epistemology\u201d-\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u09b2 \u0989\u09a6\u09be\u09b9\u09b0\u09a3, \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5-\u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09aa\u0964 \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09aa\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09bf \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be? \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u2014 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ac\u09b2\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 If there were no human beings any more, the Apollo Belvedere no longer would be beautiful? \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u2014 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u098f\u09b0\u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af \u09a4\u09cb \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09ac\u09be\u09ac\u2014 I cannot prove my conception is <em>right<\/em>, but that is <em>my religion<\/em>. \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5, \u09b0\u09ac\u09c0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09be\u09a5 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8 \u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u0987\u099b\u09c7\u09a8, \u0986\u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c7 \u09ac\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u201cthat is my religion\u201d \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u201c\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u09b9\u09c0\u201d \u099a\u09bf\u0995\u09bf\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09a7\u09be\u09aa\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u09cd\u09ae\u09a3\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09df\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09b2 \u09ac\u09cc\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09aa\u0995 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u0964 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u0987 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09cb\u0997\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c0 \u0995\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u0995\u09c1\u099f \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u099b\u09be\u0997, \u09ae\u09c7\u09b7, \u09ae\u09df\u09c2\u09b0, \u0997\u09cb\u09b8\u09be\u09aa, \u09b8\u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09c1, \u0997\u09b0\u09c1, \u09ae\u09cb\u09b7, \u09b6\u09c2\u0995\u09b0, \u09b6\u09b6\u0995 \u0987\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a6\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b6\u09c1 \u0993 \u09aa\u09be\u0996\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u0982\u09b8 \u0996\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09cb\u09a6\u09a8 \u0993 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09aa\u09b6\u09a8 \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> \u09a6\u09c7\u09ac\u09c0\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09a6 \u099a\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09aa\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09cb\u09dc\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 Can a physician\u2014 with a medical scruple as strong as to declare all this\u2014 be prevented by religious or other scruples to recommend the flesh of the cow in cases where he is convinced of its efficacy?<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a> \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u099f\u09be\u0987 \u0998\u099f\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u098f\u0996\u09a8\u0993 \u0998\u099f\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 hegemonic \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09c0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u09a6\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u2014 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0 \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b8\u099f\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09df \u09a8\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8 \u09a8\u09c7\u0987, \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0995\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf (unwaveringly male gaze)\u0964 \u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u2014 \u0997\u09c2\u09b9\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09b6\u09cb\u09a8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be, \u0985\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8 \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be, \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09c0 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce \u09a4\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09a3\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u099c\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0985\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09a4\u09bf\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u099b\u09c7\u0981\u099f\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09ad\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09c1\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ac\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09ab\u09c7\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0987 \u099f\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b8\u099f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u099c\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac\u0964 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7, \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7, \u0995\u09c0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09c7 \u098f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0985\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c0 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 (surface) \u09a6\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u0995\u09c7 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0993 \u098f \u0995\u09be\u099c\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac\u0964 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0986\u09df\u09c1\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09df \u098f \u09aa\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u0987 \u09b8\u09ab\u09b2 \u0993 \u09a6\u09c4\u09dd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09e7\u09ed\u09ef\u09ea \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u0995\u09cd\u099f\u09cb\u09ac\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 Gentleman\u2019s Magazine-\u098f \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u0995\u09c1\u09ae\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099f\u09be \u09a8\u09be\u0995 \u099c\u09cb\u09dc\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09ac\u09be \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 (rhinoplasty) \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964 \u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u0995 \u09b2\u0982\u09ae\u09c7\u099f (B. L) \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0995 \u098f\u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u099a\u09be\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09b0 \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09a3 \u09b2\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u098f \u0996\u09ac\u09b0 \u0987\u0982\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a1\u0983 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09aa\u09c1 (Carpue) \u0989\u09ce\u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09e9\u09eb\u099f\u09bf rhinoplasty \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0993\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ab\u09b2 rhinoplasty-\u09b0 \u099c\u09cb\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09b8\u09c7\u0964 \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09b2\u0982\u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09bf\u09a0\u09bf\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09c1\u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09bf\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img data-attachment-id=\"33001\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?attachment_id=33001\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantaina.jpg?fit=376%2C1194&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"376,1194\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"jayantaina\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantaina.jpg?fit=94%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantaina.jpg?fit=322%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33001\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantaina.jpg?resize=316%2C1003&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"316\" height=\"1003\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img data-attachment-id=\"33002\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?attachment_id=33002\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantainb.jpg?fit=316%2C394&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"316,394\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"jayantainb\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantainb.jpg?fit=241%2C300&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantainb.jpg?fit=316%2C394&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33002 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantainb.jpg?resize=316%2C394&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"316\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantainb.jpg?w=316&amp;ssl=1 316w, https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantainb.jpg?resize=241%2C300&amp;ssl=1 241w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df \u09b9\u09b2 \u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09c1\u09ae\u09cb\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099b\u09c7 \u09af\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ab\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 (craft) \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09b8\u09c7\u099f\u09be \u0985\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u09a6\u09b6 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09a4\u09be, \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u099f\u09bf\u09ad \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u09b8\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09dc\u09c7 case-\u098f \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2\u0964 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf, \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09a7 \u09a8\u09bf\u099c\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09ab <em>\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af<\/em> \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cc\u0981\u099b\u09b2 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u201c\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u201d \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u0993\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09b9\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 <em>\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 <\/em>\u00a0\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ab\u09c7\u09b0\u09a4 \u098f\u09b2 \u201c\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7\u201d\u0964 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09ce, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 reverse flow \u09ac\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09b2\u0964 \u09b2\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 <strong>immutable and convertible mobiles <\/strong>\u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09ac\u09df\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u2013 \u201c<em>additional <\/em>work was to be done inside the centres to mop up the inscriptions and reverse the balance of forces once more.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a> \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09c7\u0987\u09b2\u09bf \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a1\u09cd\u09a1\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a7\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2013 \u201cJoddrell quizzed brother surgeons from different stations (in India) and acted as conduit of information in both directions between Britain and India.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a> \u09ac\u09c7\u0987\u09b2\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09a3 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09c0 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c0\u09df \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09e7\u09ef \u09b6\u09a4\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09cb\u09dc\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c0\u09df\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09df \u0985-\u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c0\u09df \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09ac\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u0995\u09a4 \u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09c2\u09a8 \u098f \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09b2\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09b0\u09cd\u099c \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09a8 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09b2\u099c\u09bf \u09ac\u09be \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u098f\u09b0\u0995\u09ae \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u099c\u09cb\u09b0\u0995\u09a6\u09ae\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 Transactions of the Phrenological Society \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09be\u09b2 \u09e7\u09ee\u09e8\u09e6 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09df\u09c7\u0995 \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4\u0993 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09be\u09b9\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09ae\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u099a\u09bf\u09a0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09aa\u09c7\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u0964 \u09e7\u09ee\u09e8\u09e8 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09ae\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8 \u09e7\u09e6\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09a8\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1\u09a4 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u098a \u09e7\u09e6\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09be \u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09c1 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf (\u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf \u09a8\u09df) \u09aa\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7, \u098f \u098f\u0995 \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9 \u09b9\u09b2 \u098f\u0987 \u0996\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb? \u09e7\u09ee\u09e8\u09ea-\u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09b8\u09a8 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09ae\u09cb\u09b9\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u099a\u09bf\u09a0\u09bf \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u099f\u09be \u09b9\u09c1\u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u098f\u09b0\u0995\u09ae\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img data-attachment-id=\"33003\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?attachment_id=33003\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?fit=999%2C530&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"999,530\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"jayantain@2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?fit=300%2C159&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?fit=999%2C530&amp;ssl=1\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33003 size-shareaholic-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?resize=640%2C340&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?resize=640%2C340&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?resize=300%2C159&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?resize=768%2C407&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/jayantain@2.jpg?w=999&amp;ssl=1 999w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09b2\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be \u09b6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u09ac\u09bf\u0982\u0997\u09be\u09b0 (Londa Schiebinger) \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 <em>Plants and Empire<\/em> \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 The Indians (Red Indians), who are not treated well by their Dutch masters, use the seeds (of Peacock plant) to abort their children, so that their children will not become slaves like they are. \u09b0\u09c7\u09a1 \u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09a8 \u09ae\u09b9\u09bf\u09b2\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a8\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0993\u09b2\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09be\u099c\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09a6\u09be\u09b8 \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u099a\u09c2\u09dc\u09be \u09ab\u09c1\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09c0\u099c \u0996\u09c7\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09aa\u09be\u09a4 \u0998\u099f\u09be\u09df\u0964 \u09ac\u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8 \u0993 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u099c\u09dc\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df \u099c\u09a8\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0\u09cb\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7\u0964 \u201c[T]he exact knowledge of nature was key to amassing national wealth, and hence power.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a> \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09c1 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df, \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c7 \u09e7\u09ed\u09e9\u09eb \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u2014 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae\u09a4, \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09cb\u09b2\u09be\u09b8 \u09b2\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5 <em>Systema Naturae <\/em>(The System of Nature) \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2; \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4\u09c0\u09df\u09a4, \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09a4 \u0986\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09b2\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7, \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09b2\u09c1\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09df, \u0987\u0989\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u201cplanetary consciousness\u201d-\u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae \u09b9\u09b2\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09b2 \u0985\u09ad\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf contact zone \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u2014 \u098f\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09bf \u09af\u09c7 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 reverse flow-\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u0964 \u098f\u09b8\u09ae\u09df \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09cb\u099f\u09be \u09aa\u09c3\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09e7\u09ec\u09e6\u09e6\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09ac\u099f\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u0997\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ad\u09bf\u09a6\u0995\u09c1\u09b2 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09be\u09a3\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u09af\u09bf\u0995 \u0993 \u09ae\u09c7\u09a1\u09bf\u09b8\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09ac\u09c1\u099d\u09c7 \u09a8\u09c7\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09a4, \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09e8\u09eb\u09e6-\u098f\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u098a\u09a6\u09cd\u09ad\u09bf\u09a6 <em>Systema Naturae<\/em>-\u09b0 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a3\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a> \u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u09ad \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 Indigenous European notions about nature were gradually transformed, or even submerged, by a plethora of information, impressions and inspiration from the wider world.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a> \u098f\u0995\u0987\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u201cagnotology\u201d \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u0993 \u0997\u09dc\u09c7 \u098a\u09a0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b2\u09be\u0997\u09b2\u0964 Agnotology-\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0985\u09b8\u099a\u09c7\u09a4\u09a8\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09bf\u09a4 \u0985\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u098f\u09b2\u0964 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09c1\u0981\u099c\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4-\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0985\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a4\u09be \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09cb\u09ce\u09aa\u09be\u09a6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a> \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df, \u201cplanetary conscious\u201d \u09ac\u09be \u201ccontact zone\u201d-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u0997\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c3\u09a5\u09bf\u09ac\u09c0 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09df\u09c0\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09df\u09a4\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09b2 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u098f\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0986\u09b8\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u0964 \u09ab\u09c1\u0995\u09cb\u09b0 \u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09be\u09df, \u09af\u09c7 observing gaze \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u099b\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09c0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u201cto bring language as close as possible to the observing gaze, and the things observed as close as possible to words.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a> \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09a8\u09df, \u0985\u09b8\u09c1\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09bf\u0997\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09a6\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09b9\u09b2\u2014 \u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u09aa\u09b2\u09bf\u099f\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09aa\u09bf\u09a1\u09c7\u09ae\u09bf\u0993\u09b2\u099c\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09df\u09a4\u09be \u09ad\u09c7\u0999\u09c7 hybrid disease landscape \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u09b9\u09b2\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09b2\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09b9\u09be\u09af\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09e7\u09ef\u09e7\u09e6-\u09e7\u09e7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u099f\u09a8 \u0993 \u09a1\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09a8\u09aa\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7 \u0987\u0989\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09bf\u0995\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c2\u099a\u09a8\u09be \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u0986\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u2014 by 1941 some sixty thousand individuals in the United States had duly been sterilized, half of them in California alone.<a href=\"#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a> \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09ab\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u099f \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0 \u09af\u0996\u09a8 holocaust \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09b2 \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09c0 \u0986\u09a4\u0999\u09cd\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09ab\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u0964 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09ad\u09be\u0997 \u09b9\u09b2\u2014 \u0986\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4, \u099c\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09cd\u09a4, \u0985\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u0997\u09a4\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c0\u09ad\u09ce\u09b8\u09a4\u09ae\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u0993 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099a\u09c7\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u099f\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8 \u0993 \u099b\u0995 \u09ad\u09c7\u0999\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df \u201c\u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac\u201d-\u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09cb\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09bf \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b2\u09c1\u09a1\u09ad\u09bf\u0997 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a4 <em>Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact <\/em>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0997\u09cb\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09c0\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f thought style \u098f\u09ac\u0982 thought collective-\u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8 \u0995\u09c0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0987 \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09a4 \u099a\u09c7\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099f\u09cb-\u0986\u0987\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c8\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0 \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09ae\u09c7\u09b7 \u0998\u099f\u09c7\u0964 \u09b0\u09a3\u099c\u09bf\u09ce \u0997\u09c1\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u0995 \u099a\u09c8\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09be\u09a8 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5 <em>Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India<\/em>-\u09a4\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09df \u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u201canonymous speech in its classic form\u201d \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u201cimmediate unpremeditated utterance\u201d\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995-\u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0985\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u099c\u09a8\u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09cd\u09af \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa (grapheme) \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf (phoneme) \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09b8\u09bf\u0997\u09a8\u09bf\u09ab\u09be\u09df\u09c7\u09a1 (signifies) \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u09ab\u09b2\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u0995\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09cb\u09b0 \u09af\u09c7 \u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09c1 \u099b\u0995 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09ad\u09c7\u0999\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df, \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c3\u0999\u09cd\u0996\u09b2\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u099d\u09c7 irruption\/subversion \u0998\u099f\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u099f\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df \u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099f\u09cb-\u0987\u09a8\u09ab\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09c3\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09be\u09aa\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a4 \u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd-\u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c3\u09b7\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ad\u09b0 \u0985\u09b6\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09bf\u09a4 \u099c\u09a8\u09b8\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u09ab\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 thought style \u098f\u09ac\u0982 thought collective-\u098f\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u0997\u09aa\u09ce \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u09a4\u09bf \u0993 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df\u09a4\u09be \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0993\u0964 \u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09a8\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u099c\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09be\u0997\u09be\u09a8 \u09a4\u099b\u09a8\u099b \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df \u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099f\u09cb-\u0987\u09a8\u09ab\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8\u0964<a href=\"#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a> \u098f \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7\u0987 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09aa\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u099f \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cb\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09ae\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8 \u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 No <em>riot ever occurs<\/em> without rumours to incite, accompany and intensify the violence. \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09ae\u09bf\u09b2\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u0987, \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7\u0964 \u099c\u09cb\u09df\u09c7\u09b2 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b8\u09cd\u099f \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 <em>More Damned Lies and Statistics: How Numbers Confuse Public Issues<\/em> \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8 \u0989\u09aa\u0995\u09a5\u09be\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u09ac\u09c7\u0981\u099a\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u201cthey arouse fear, disgust, or other powerful emotions that make the tales memorable and repeatable.\u201d \u098f\u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4\u09c7\u0997\u09b0\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u09ac\u09be \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b0\u09b9\u09bf\u09ae \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c0 \u09b0\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09bf \u0986\u09ae\u09b0\u09be\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09df\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09bf \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u09c7\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cc\u09b9\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09a6\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09df \u0998\u099f\u099b\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cb\u09b8\u09cd\u099f \u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a5 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae\u09c7, \u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u09ac\u09c8\u09a7\u09a4\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u09df, \u09b8\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09bf\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u099c\u09a8 \u09ae\u09c1\u099b\u09c7 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b9\u09bf\u0982\u09b8\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09cb\u09b2\u09c7\u0964 \u09df\u09c1\u09ad\u09be\u09b2 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 Sapiens \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u2014 \u09b8\u09b9\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1\u09a4\u09be \u09b8\u09c7\u09aa\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a1\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u09a8\u09df\u0964 \u09af\u09a6\u09bf \u09b8\u09c7\u09aa\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u09b0\u09be \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09b2\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b9\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1 \u09b9\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u201cthe first and most significant ethnic cleansing in history\u201d \u09b9\u09a4 \u09a8\u09be\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7\u099f\u09be \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09a4\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7\u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09c7\u099a\u09a8\u09be\u09df \u09b0\u09be\u0996\u09be \u099c\u09b0\u09c1\u09b0\u09bf\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099f\u09cb-\u0987\u09a8\u09ab\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09cb\u099f\u09cb-\u0986\u0987\u09a1\u09bf\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u0987 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u09a0\u09be\u09ae\u09cb\u09a4\u09c7 \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0998\u09be\u09a4 \u0998\u099f\u09be\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be \u09a6\u09c7\u0996\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u0997\u09c1\u099c\u09ac\u2014 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0993\u09a0\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0964 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09c7\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u0997\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 thought style \u098f\u09ac\u0982 thought collective-\u098f\u09b0 \u098f\u0995 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09ac \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u0993 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u09b9\u09df mutated \u099a\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u09c7\u0995 \u0995\u09cc\u09a4\u09c2\u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u09a6\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09aa\u0995 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2\u2014 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09b8\u09ae\u09df\u09c7, \u09af\u0996\u09a8 \u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af\u0995\u09c7 \u099b\u09be\u09aa\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09df \u0985\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09a5\u09be, \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09cd\u09b2\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09df \u0989\u09aa\u0995\u09a5\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09aa\u09cb\u09b8\u09cd\u099f-\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a5\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09b9\u09c0\u09a8 \u09b8\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09aa\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09ae\u09bf\u09a5\u09cb\u09b2\u099c\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u09a8\u09bf\u09ae\u09be\u09a3 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09ac \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09b0\u09c2\u09aa\u0995\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09ac\u09be \u09ae\u09c7\u099f\u09be\u09ab\u09b0 \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09a6\u09bf\u09df\u09c7\u0964 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0987\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7\u09b6\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0995\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 techne \u098f\u09ac\u0982 episteme \u0989\u09ad\u09df\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7, \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8 \u09b9\u09df\u0964 \u09ac\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09b2 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae\u09c7, \u0995\u09c2\u099f-\u0995\u09cc\u09b6\u09b2\u09c7 \u0993 \u09af\u09a4\u09cd\u09a8 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09c8\u09a7\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09cb\u09a6\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0985\u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09df \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09cb\u0997\u0993 \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09c1\u09b0\u09c7\u09b2\u09be, \u09ae\u09c7\u09a6\u09c1\u09b0, \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c1\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a3\u09b0\u09b8\u09c7 \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u09c0\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09be\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09be \u099a\u09be\u09aa\u09be \u09aa\u09dc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09bf\u0982\u09ac\u09be \u09a2\u09c1\u0995\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ad\u09c0\u09b7\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cc\u09b0\u09c1\u09b7\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0, \u09b8\u09b9\u09bf\u0982\u09b8, \u09b9\u09bf\u0982\u09b8\u09cd\u09b0, \u0986\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09b8\u09c0 \u09b0\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u0995 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09df\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u09b7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0964 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae \u09b9\u09df\u09c7 \u0989\u09a0\u09ac\u09c7\u09a8 \u0985\u09a4\u09bf-\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u0964 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u09c1\u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c0\u2014 \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ac\u09be\u0987 \u09a8\u099c\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7\u0987 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u098f\u0987 \u09b8\u09c1\u0989\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09b0\u09cd\u09b6\u09a8\u09c0\u0993 \u09ad\u09c0\u09b7\u09a3\u09b0\u0995\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8, \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u0964 \u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09a4\u09be \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b6\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09a4\u09be \u09a4\u09c8\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u0987 \u098f\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0964 \u09b8\u09ab\u09b2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt; font-family: Kalpurush;\">\u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09c1 \u09b8\u09be\u09ac\u09a7\u09be\u09a8!<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u0997, \u09ee.\u09e7\u0964\u09e7\u09e6\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u09af\u09a6\u09bf\u0993 \u0995\u09b9\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09df\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09df \u09a8\u09be, \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c1 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09e7\u09e6\u09e6 \u0995\u09b9\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09c0\u09a4\u09a6\u09be\u09b8\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u09ae\u09b9\u09be\u09ad\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u0997, \u09ee.\u09e7\u0964\u09e7\u09ee\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> p.179.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u09aa\u09c3\u0983 \u09e8\u09e8\u09e6\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ac\u09cd\u09af: \u099c\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u0995\u0964 Studies in Traditional Indian Medicine in the Pali Canon: J\u012bvaka and \u0100yurveda.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> History of Indian Philosophy<em>.<\/em> vol 2.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Zimmerman. Terminological Problems in the Process of Editing and Translating Sanskrit Medical Texts.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ac\u09cd\u09af: \u09b2\u09be\u09a4\u09c1\u09b0, \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a8\u09cb\u0964 The Pasteurization of France \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Science in Action<em>.<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> Pasteurization of France. p.8.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> Jensen, Derrick. &amp; Draffan, George. Welcome to the Machine. p.25.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u099a\u09b0\u0995-\u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09ae, \u09e7.\u09e7\u09e8\u09e6-\u09e7\u09e8\u09e9; \u09b8\u09c1\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4-\u09b8\u0982\u09b9\u09bf\u09a4\u09be, \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09ae\u09cd, \u09e8\u09ec.\u09e7\u09e6\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> Matilal. The Character of Logic in India. p.14.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ac\u09cd\u09af: \u09ae\u09a4\u09bf\u09b2\u09be\u09b2\u0964 Logic, Language and Reality; Mohanty, J. N. Explorations in Philosophy: Indian Philosophy, Vidyabhusana, A History of Indian Logic.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u099a\u0964\u09b8, \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09ae, \u09e8\u09ed.\u09ec\u09e9-\u09ee\u09ed; \u09b8\u09c1\u0964\u09b8, \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09ae, \u09ea\u09ec\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> Science and Society in Ancient India. p.389.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u099a\u0964\u09b8, \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09ae, \u09ee.\u09e8\u09e8\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> Latour. Science in Action. p.233.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> Bayly, C. A. Empire and Information. 2007. p.269.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> Schiebinger. Plants and Empire. p.5.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> Pratt, Mary Louis. Imperial Eyes. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> edn.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> Grove. Green Imperialism. p.3.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ac\u09cd\u09af: Proctor, Robert N. &amp; Schiebinger, Londa eds. Agnotology<em>.<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> The Order of Things<em>.<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> Bewell, Alan. Romanticism and Colonial Disease.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> Watson, James. DNA: The Secret of Life. p.28.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u09a6\u09cd\u09b0\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09ac\u09cd\u09af: Allport, Gordon W. &amp; Postman, Leo J. The Psychology of Rumor.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"fb-background-color\">\n\t\t\t  <div \n\t\t\t  \tclass = \"fb-comments\" \n\t\t\t  \tdata-href = \"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?p=33004\"\n\t\t\t  \tdata-numposts = \"100\"\n\t\t\t  \tdata-lazy = \"true\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-colorscheme = \"light\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-order-by = \"time\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-mobile=true>\n\t\t\t  <\/div><\/div>\n\t\t  <style>\n\t\t    .fb-background-color {\n\t\t\t\tbackground: #ffffff !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t.fb_iframe_widget_fluid_desktop iframe {\n\t\t\t    width: 100% !important;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t  <\/style>\n\t\t  ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>\u099c\u09df\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u09ad\u099f\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u099a\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af &nbsp; <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?p=33004\" title=\"\u09a4\u09a5\u09cd\u09af, \u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u09df\u09a3\u09c0 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\u09a6\u09be\u0981\u09a4\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09bf \u09ed \u09ac\u099b\u09b0 \u09a7\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u09b8\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09df \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09df \u09ea\u09ec \u09b6\u09a4\u09be\u0982\u09b6 \u09a1\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09a6 \u0996\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0964 \u09e9 \u09ac\u099b\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a1\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b2\u09cb\u09ae\u09be \u0995\u09cb\u09b0\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c7\u099b\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09df \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09b8\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c2\u09a8\u09cd\u09af\u09aa\u09a6\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c1\u0995 \u00a0\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u09b2\u09cb\u0995\u09be\u09b2 \u099f\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.4numberplatform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/jayanta-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C518&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":34164,"url":"https:\/\/www.4numberplatform.com\/?p=34164","url_meta":{"origin":33004,"position":1},"title":"\u09b8\u09ae\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u0993 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7 \u0997\u09c7\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8: \u098f\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09ac?","date":"August 10, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u09b6\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8\u09c1 \u099a\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0 \u00a0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09b0\u09a6\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09b2\u09c7, \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09cb \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u098f\u0995\u09b8\u0999\u09cd\u0997\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09c7\u0964 \u0985\u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b8\u09cd\u09af 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